{ "schema_version": "uw.editorial_geo.v1", "representation_profile": "lossless_source_sections", "local_stage_only": true, "catalog_id": "DEP-08-N01", "article_index": "DEP-08-N01", "language": "en", "headline": "Gambling and Gambling Disorder", "description": "Gambling and Gambling Disorder", "short_answer": "“I still go to work and the bills are paid, so I cannot have an addiction.” That can seem convincing even when betting takes up your evenings, your intended spending limit keeps moving, and a loss becomes a reason to bet again. The opposite mistake is to label everyone who buys a lottery ticket or enjoys video games as addicted. Understanding what is happening requires more precise distinctions.\n\nThis article concerns gambling: taking part by staking money or something else of value. It explains when there is reason to assess a possible disorder, why financial harm is more than bankruptcy, and how to prepare to seek help. If you already notice repeated breaches of your own limits, debts, or harm to people close to you, you can seek help now. You do not need a final name for the problem first.\n\nIf a loss is followed by an intention to harm yourself, or you cannot keep yourself safe, seek immediate help through your local emergency medical service. A routine appointment about gambling does not replace care for an immediate threat. [NHS: Help for problems with gambling](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/gambling-addiction/).", "short_answer_source": { "kind": "explicit_about_h2", "role": "lead", "start_utf16": 65, "end_utf16": 1217, "sha256_utf8": "20e3a2c923891881e0a5ffa6932ae745a6fb9249df0bdeac55ccc6ad3d7c005c" }, "headline_source": { "role": "h1_heading", "start_utf16": 2, "end_utf16": 32, "sha256_utf8": "fc484072286d28a4fd4cf9771421e8e7dbfe5cb1f325eca5a6409a74523e8815" }, "entities": [], "questions": [ { "q": "What this article is about", "a": "“I still go to work and the bills are paid, so I cannot have an addiction.” That can seem convincing even when betting takes up your evenings, your intended spending limit keeps moving, and a loss becomes a reason to bet again. The opposite mistake is to label everyone who buys a lottery ticket or enjoys video games as addicted. Understanding what is happening requires more precise distinctions.\n\nThis article concerns gambling: taking part by staking money or something else of value. It explains when there is reason to assess a possible disorder, why financial harm is more than bankruptcy, and how to prepare to seek help. If you already notice repeated breaches of your own limits, debts, or harm to people close to you, you can seek help now. You do not need a final name for the problem first.\n\nIf a loss is followed by an intention to harm yourself, or you cannot keep yourself safe, seek immediate help through your local emergency medical service. A routine appointment about gambling does not replace care for an immediate threat. [NHS: Help for problems with gambling](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/gambling-addiction/).", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 37, "end_utf16": 63, "sha256_utf8": "a53bdb09d3d545eddde325393d7fae0fb8be199cef905ef433da14435f905db9" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 65, "end_utf16": 1217, "sha256_utf8": "20e3a2c923891881e0a5ffa6932ae745a6fb9249df0bdeac55ccc6ad3d7c005c" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0003", "p0004", "p0005" ], "source_segment_index": 1 }, { "q": "Gambling and video games raise different questions", "a": "Gambling involves risking something of value for a possible gain when the outcome is uncertain. Sports betting, slot machines, casinos, and lotteries work differently, but belong to this category. Gambling on your phone remains gambling even if the app resembles an ordinary game. Being online does not, by itself, determine a diagnosis. [WHO: Gambling](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gambling).\n\nIn clinical language, *gambling disorder* and *gaming disorder*, involving digital or video games, are distinct terms. The Russian word “игромания” can obscure this distinction. WHO describes gaming disorder in terms of impaired control, increasing priority, and continuing despite consequences, with significant impairment in functioning. Enthusiasm or hours spent playing alone does not establish a diagnosis. [WHO: Gaming disorder](https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/frequently-asked-questions/gaming-disorder).\n\nFor a first conversation, it is therefore more useful to name the activity: “I bet on matches,” “I use an online casino,” or “I spend nights playing a video game.” The same word, “playing,” can describe different difficulties that require different assessments.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 1222, "end_utf16": 1272, "sha256_utf8": "7fbdaccea4d82956228f30caf0e5da58b059104bec0bd6fe2779a3390935ba5f" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 1274, "end_utf16": 2477, "sha256_utf8": "935d25fa81ba067548e0d9bfe7b74065c0234a31502629162aee21e053f4d71b" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0007", "p0008", "p0009" ], "source_segment_index": 2 }, { "q": "Where a stake comes in", "a": "Taking part does not necessarily look like visiting a casino. It may involve short bets during a sporting event, lottery tickets, online slots, or wagers for money. An assessment needs to consider how the activity works: what is at stake, which outcome promises a reward, how quickly another attempt is possible, and where the money comes from. Calling something “entertainment” does not remove its financial risk.\n\nMore complicated cases arise at the boundaries, including paid random rewards in video games and some forms of speculation involving investment products. The Royal College of Psychiatrists identifies these as possible forms of gambling behaviour. That is not a reason to classify every digital-item purchase, asset trade, or use of cryptocurrency as gambling. The specific activity and its consequences need to be examined. Legal classification and clinical assessment are also different questions. [RCPsych: Gambling disorder](https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/gambling-disorder).\n\nThis article does not offer a strategy for earning money through betting. Knowing a sport, having won before, or trusting your own system does not make the next bet a guaranteed way to repair your finances. In a conversation about help, the more useful questions concern how you make decisions under uncertainty and what happens when the result is unwelcome.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 2482, "end_utf16": 2504, "sha256_utf8": "99f9eb305f84136b576b4bd32322de26110195ee78860acfe78140ad5cc9db41" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 2506, "end_utf16": 3913, "sha256_utf8": "959d8d470f6a9d62be4e9d70fb54ece71a62fbd76aa302dae6e1213f09538988" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0011", "p0012", "p0013" ], "source_segment_index": 3 }, { "q": "When participation becomes a problem of control", "a": "WHO describes three central features of gambling disorder: impaired control, increasing priority given to gambling, and continuing despite negative consequences. These guide assessment; they are not instructions for diagnosing yourself from three answers. The recurring pattern and how seriously it disrupts life matter. [WHO: Signs and symptoms](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gambling).\n\nControl can be understood through the gap between intention and action. You planned to finish after one bet, but return; you decided not to use money needed for essential expenses, but make an exception; you deleted the app, then reinstall it. A single broken resolution does not establish a disorder. A recurring pattern deserves attention, especially when consequences accumulate.\n\nPriority is about more than time at a screen. You might spend only a short time there but think about odds all day, search for money, and wait for an opportunity to gamble. Continuing despite harm means that knowing the consequences does not translate into a reliable ability to stop. It does not mean that a person stops making decisions altogether: someone can retain control in other areas and still need help with this one.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 3918, "end_utf16": 3965, "sha256_utf8": "87809d3f5642505736b1b7e31614df0ce7ef7a7b86a9828a30f2fc188f17ad34" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 3967, "end_utf16": 5186, "sha256_utf8": "ab93c42f38463818fa10fbd45585a7801c481ee98c400f03c1a6f5be2376013b" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0015", "p0016", "p0017" ], "source_segment_index": 4 }, { "q": "Why chasing a loss changes the decision", "a": "Trying to recover what you have lost by gambling is called *loss chasing*. It is among the signs explored when assessing gambling behaviour. One such episode is not a diagnosis in itself. [American Psychiatric Association: What is Gambling Disorder?](https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/gambling-disorder/what-is-gambling-disorder).\n\nConsider a hypothetical example. Someone intended to spend a small amount during an evening. After losing it, they decide that stopping is no longer an option: they must first get back to where they were. The task has changed. They originally chose entertainment; now they are trying to remove an uncomfortable feeling or a financial gap through the very activity that enlarged it. Another loss can become another reason to continue. This illustrates a decision pattern, rather than describing an actual patient.\n\nA loss does not create an obligation to place another bet. In a game with independent random outcomes, a previous loss does not, by itself, make the next win more likely. In other kinds of betting, knowing some relevant details still does not remove uncertainty. Naming what is happening without humiliation can help: “I am trying to repair a loss by taking another risk.” This makes the behaviour discussable while preserving responsibility for its consequences and the possibility of getting support.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 5191, "end_utf16": 5230, "sha256_utf8": "344bf0f3c076d3d70db84a7966e2763c00ed828bf50f9a76f37e7ddd2d08be20" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 5232, "end_utf16": 6591, "sha256_utf8": "d13df100e3daec6bfb989764c20a6fde245eddcbec9e8b154ac89a8ecd9ecb5d" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0019", "p0020", "p0021" ], "source_segment_index": 5 }, { "q": "Still working does not rule out harm", "a": "Financial harm needs to be understood in relation to obligations and available resources. The same loss might barely affect one budget but leave another person without money for housing, food, or healthcare. WHO specifically notes that harm also occurs below diagnostic thresholds. Bankruptcy is not a requirement for seeking help. [WHO: Harm below clinical thresholds](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gambling).\n\nIn another hypothetical situation, someone still does their job but conceals loans, postpones important bills, and becomes irritable when asked about money. “I have not been fired” is not enough for an assessment. Information about sleep, attention, family agreements, financial commitments, and the wellbeing of people close to them is also needed. This does not mean that gambling causes every conflict; the connection needs to be clarified.\n\nIt is more useful to compare your current situation with your life before betting intensified than with an image of someone who has “lost everything.” When help is available earlier, remaining relationships and resources can support change. They are not a certificate of safety.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 6596, "end_utf16": 6632, "sha256_utf8": "6f4033c7298aa02771932145ad682b5c3adc77910c1c6bb3b6c2c0aa1403ab9d" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 6634, "end_utf16": 7788, "sha256_utf8": "e4e96aa85b41e550a988fd87fbda1b5ea519cf15f8c763d1fdd1fa96bb6c50eb" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0023", "p0024", "p0025" ], "source_segment_index": 6 }, { "q": "A questionnaire can start the conversation", "a": "Screening is a preliminary check that helps identify possible harm and whether further assessment is needed. The NHS website includes questions about betting more than you can afford, chasing losses, borrowing, and consequences for health and family. A questionnaire result can help a conversation; it does not replace a clinical assessment. A low score does not prove that there is no harm either. [NHS: Questions about gambling harm](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/gambling-addiction/).\n\nA practitioner explores the duration and pattern of the behaviour, the extent of disruption to life, and other possible explanations for the person's condition. Different diagnostic systems and tools serve different purposes. This article does not set a universal money limit, a required number of bets, or one duration after which everyone “becomes addicted.” You do not have to wait until all the criteria you imagine are met before asking for help.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 7793, "end_utf16": 7835, "sha256_utf8": "c5e14cf6f93263a69c01d2da8cbcef64e59bd7d2b9bb21cbd5a6f7669c7722c5" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 7837, "end_utf16": 8794, "sha256_utf8": "4e805adab0220bf6ac95b642d66b81a98cf6524d362bf3995bf136f55913616b" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0027", "p0028" ], "source_segment_index": 7 }, { "q": "What to prepare for an assessment", "a": "You can start with a short note, even if you do not yet have exact figures:\n\n- **Activities and frequency.** Where and what you gamble on, how often you return, whether there are episodes at night or several accounts.\n- **Intention and outcome.** Which limit you intended to keep and what actually happened. Give two or three specific examples.\n- **Money.** Available statements, deposits and withdrawals, debts, and upcoming essential payments. One account of a win does not show the result over a period.\n- **Consequences.** Changes in sleep, work, relationships, and your own wellbeing; what people close to you notice, if discussing it is safe.\n- **Context.** Stress, alcohol or other substances, mental health, medicines you take, and previous help.\n- **Your request.** What matters most now: stopping betting, understanding repeated losses of control, protecting essential spending, or getting help with debts.\n\nTransaction records can help reconstruct the facts. Britain's Gambling Commission explains what account histories can show; its requirements about access to them apply within its jurisdiction. Conditions elsewhere need to be checked separately. You do not need to make new bets to collect “enough data,” or delay seeking help until you have a perfect spreadsheet. [Gambling Commission: Account activity](https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/view-playing-history-and-restrict-or-block-gambling-activity).", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 8799, "end_utf16": 8832, "sha256_utf8": "c7e581c2ed426437328224088d9ef3bd36ad175454b7ff59c9fe804a19428849" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 8834, "end_utf16": 10280, "sha256_utf8": "a94d8e891696fa47981279943b220eafe33234d9d1a0060bce85ca57dfbecbcf" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0030", "p0031", "p0032" ], "source_segment_index": 8 }, { "q": "What help can involve", "a": "Care can address gambling behaviour, mental health, and practical consequences together. Cognitive behavioural therapy, or CBT, helps explore thoughts about winning, situations that trigger gambling, and ways of responding to urges. Motivational interviewing helps clarify your own reasons for change, including when your decision is still uncertain. This involves working with a person, rather than requiring them to prove sufficient willpower first. [RCPsych: Types of help](https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/gambling-disorder).\n\nEnglish services provide examples of possible care pathways. The National Gambling Clinic describes assessment, preparation for change, CBT, and further support; the Northern Gambling Service also addresses debts, relationships, and co-occurring needs. These illustrate how care can be organised. They are not a promise that those services are available in every country. [National Gambling Clinic](https://www.cnwl.nhs.uk/services/addictions/national-gambling-clinic), [Northern Gambling Service](https://www.northerngamblingservice.nhs.uk/).\n\nA local gambling support service or a mental health practitioner who works with addictions may be a first point of contact. If you do not know the pathway, a primary care clinician may help you find an available assessment. When arranging an appointment, ask about age and geographic eligibility, cost, confidentiality, ways of attending, and help for relatives. Debts also need attention from a competent local advice service: treatment does not automatically cancel what is owed.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 10285, "end_utf16": 10306, "sha256_utf8": "055fe9a0c38357fae95dda83e27531a79fe77e6e7a6d724b2bc0847056b802bf" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 10308, "end_utf16": 11916, "sha256_utf8": "edfaa32b4e7f157e77bc0b51e83461914a2f4ba9e3b776b517aa6fe3c712d45a" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0034", "p0035", "p0036" ], "source_segment_index": 9 }, { "q": "Restricting access supports change without guaranteeing it", "a": "Self-exclusion means asking an operator or a relevant scheme to restrict your participation. Website blocks and bank payment blocks may also be available. The British regulator stresses the need for support alongside self-exclusion and acknowledges that a person may sometimes still be able to gamble. The coverage and availability of these tools depend on the country, operator, and bank. [Gambling Commission: Self-exclusion](https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/self-exclusion).\n\nUseful questions include what is blocked, when the restriction starts, and what to do if a route around it appears. Finding a way around a barrier means that protection needs reviewing; it does not make help pointless. Restricting one platform alone does not necessarily change the whole pattern of behaviour.\n\nYou can openly discuss wanting to “learn to gamble a little.” RCPsych notes that maintaining control can be difficult after gambling has become a problem; treatment goals are discussed when seeking help. If agreed limits are repeatedly broken, harm continues, or betting becomes a way to repay debts, there is reason to review the goal and the support. You do not need to test yourself by placing another bet. [RCPsych: Stopping or controlling gambling](https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/gambling-disorder).", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 11921, "end_utf16": 11979, "sha256_utf8": "43abca51ebff420741fb0446cb63cdacb431b813990e76e05fde09fd83461643" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 11981, "end_utf16": 13357, "sha256_utf8": "a3c05377e2fef827843efb26c30e82751f554392d6aa3faa2ad0b1dd9d46b2fa" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0038", "p0039", "p0040" ], "source_segment_index": 10 }, { "q": "What this means for people close to you and the next step", "a": "People close to you may also need support, even if the person who gambles is not yet seeking it. They can discuss specific harms, protect their own money, and make safe agreements without becoming round-the-clock monitors. Some specialist services offer family support; local access needs to be checked. [National Gambling Clinic: Family and friends support](https://www.cnwl.nhs.uk/services/addictions/national-gambling-clinic).\n\nThe first step does not have to resolve your whole life: write down a few facts, choose an accessible service, and explain what has become difficult to control. Then discuss change in terms of actual results: whether essential spending is protected, secrecy is decreasing, sleep and relationships are recovering, and the agreed plan is workable. A good evening or a new win does not, by itself, confirm restored control. What matters is how life is developing beyond the bets.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 13362, "end_utf16": 13419, "sha256_utf8": "b6bbb44dd19b295d0583c7c9385acbc50e822f28f923df334c933ef145f3c0f4" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 13421, "end_utf16": 14328, "sha256_utf8": "b830399ef60dc8ed510801217d36863be20c1f33757817ff09e37f5b82c0ad65" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0042", "p0043" ], "source_segment_index": 11 }, { "q": "Sources and basis", "a": "1. World Health Organization. [Gambling](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gambling). Fact sheet, 2 December 2024: forms of gambling, signs of disorder, harm, and its public health context.\n2. World Health Organization. [Gaming disorder](https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/frequently-asked-questions/gaming-disorder). Official questions and answers on gaming disorder in ICD-11.\n3. NHS. [Help for problems with gambling](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/gambling-addiction/). Public information; page reviewed 8 December 2023: questions about harm and care pathways in England.\n4. Royal College of Psychiatrists. [Gambling disorder](https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/gambling-disorder). Public clinical information, November 2025: forms of behaviour, goals, and types of help.\n5. American Psychiatric Association. [What is Gambling Disorder?](https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/gambling-disorder/what-is-gambling-disorder). Public clinical explanation: repeated behaviour and loss chasing.\n6. Gambling Commission. [View playing history and restrict or block gambling activity](https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/view-playing-history-and-restrict-or-block-gambling-activity). Public information from Britain's regulator; updated 12 November 2024.\n7. Gambling Commission. [Self-exclusion](https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/self-exclusion). Public information from Britain's regulator; formatting updated 27 March 2026.\n8. Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust. [National Gambling Clinic](https://www.cnwl.nhs.uk/services/addictions/national-gambling-clinic). Description of assessment, treatment, geographic eligibility, and support for affected others.\n9. NHS Northern Gambling Service. [Supporting Your Recovery](https://www.northerngamblingservice.nhs.uk/). Service description for northern regions of England, including treatment and co-occurring needs.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 14333, "end_utf16": 14350, "sha256_utf8": "a6da0f05658b24a8cc928504eb335e4382f6447a1497f1497d92f7c1e436b39b" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 14352, "end_utf16": 16375, "sha256_utf8": "d565fb4220f3fcfe8c1879c7ea4a10f1b8edc7f3376a9f2e6c3462b0feea5f4c" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0045" ], "source_segment_index": 12 }, { "q": "Topic tags", "a": "Gambling; gambling disorder; betting; loss chasing; financial harm; video games; screening; support for affected others; recovery.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 16380, "end_utf16": 16390, "sha256_utf8": "e3f08dc56f328e8976925ffe2c49d389c8e9e24da418d8844f3e35e624047079" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 16392, "end_utf16": 16522, "sha256_utf8": "fab9a3e6271f575b112d29ce48b1c13a5cd21c0dd01413b505aa3d4af4c8d180" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0047" ], "source_segment_index": 13 }, { "q": "About the authors", "a": "Andrey Zarinsh is the author and founder of United Wisdom. He explores inner transformation, the unity of traditions, intercultural dialogue, and contemporary spiritual discipline. Instagram: @andrey.zarinsh.\n\nMaria Evilkut is a co-author of United Wisdom. Alongside her research, she seeks to test these ideas in practice and observe how principles of unity and mutual understanding work in real life between people and cultures. Instagram: @ilkutki.\n\nContent reviewed: 13 October 2026. 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NHS. [Help for problems with gambling](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/gambling-addiction/). Public information; page reviewed 8 December 2023: questions about harm and care pathways in England.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 14757, "end_utf16": 14969, "sha256_utf8": "32e94ac94661892d7fee346d5c24db7795174ce1fcd956e56411f6714ff83b3c" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_808c7e4e21cb1b60", "title": "Gambling", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gambling", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 1612, "end_utf16": 1686, "sha256_utf8": "4bd015c098a568402845f35234d36d44f30260a61f4347cee06f4b1fe4bfbefc" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 4288, "end_utf16": 4372, "sha256_utf8": "9ca7ca4a906743c788cd1eceec509abe266520ab52fc054a9c0e096d9282511e" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 6966, "end_utf16": 7062, "sha256_utf8": "982bce6ca185afd669f77e6e90e66eb8f323708d64f71e04cffac7997000a67e" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 14382, "end_utf16": 14451, "sha256_utf8": "99746217da14822f9dbaf4f45312a0dbaf16a01e1dcc462bb3d39aedaedc785f" } ], "read_scope": "1. World Health Organization. [Gambling](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gambling). Fact sheet, 2 December 2024: forms of gambling, signs of disorder, harm, and its public health context.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 14352, "end_utf16": 14556, "sha256_utf8": "27eb723b6dc0f07bf37d71442c02a8c8b0ffec4e880c12a7e6f37b3f344765c9" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_16a49e59f06e2a59", "title": "Gaming disorder", "url": "https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/frequently-asked-questions/gaming-disorder", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 2101, "end_utf16": 2213, "sha256_utf8": "c632e06844b922105afcb592fe2c8478bbf5163f27f93c8f3a6d50a960b969e2" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 14587, "end_utf16": 14694, "sha256_utf8": "217cdcaac5bea54f4eea2ef32d0f4fa17434401851f6906d398fed2c52f84ba0" } ], "read_scope": "2. World Health Organization. [Gaming disorder](https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/frequently-asked-questions/gaming-disorder). Official questions and answers on gaming disorder in ICD-11.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 14557, "end_utf16": 14756, "sha256_utf8": "5a317e8bb58692de4fec8d59e6db632d9b71c9d13fb6ed35d5932a83226ecd3e" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_13adda25c21857be", "title": "Gambling disorder", "url": "https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/gambling-disorder", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 3421, "end_utf16": 3552, "sha256_utf8": "583312a55e1104d7b9d0673214121d0e6f15d44b3f2f86aff63a512b613670e0" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 10760, "end_utf16": 10887, "sha256_utf8": "ad5a679b5e670da9d77439031288d84239da029e398e8acdacb555cca357b620" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 13210, "end_utf16": 13356, "sha256_utf8": "b52d115aff9b7ddf8ab5f736f72bbf5502b9decce04c0dd1e55ccfac4f8c9862" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 15005, "end_utf16": 15127, "sha256_utf8": "30c3c8b953efbb9c0083dc59d8e6121992836d613ef7ea7b7bea1b46fa4ba9f7" } ], "read_scope": "4. Royal College of Psychiatrists. [Gambling disorder](https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/gambling-disorder). Public clinical information, November 2025: forms of behaviour, goals, and types of help.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 14970, "end_utf16": 15218, "sha256_utf8": "6fb408e0c70efbabe423de6334f597adbf19b4ba066a59f2f1352e98fe16b3cf" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_259d7966035b74b5", "title": "What is Gambling Disorder?", "url": "https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/gambling-disorder/what-is-gambling-disorder", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 5420, "end_utf16": 5572, "sha256_utf8": "165a933d292dabd67a5479bc7d428c8b1ec50c289d28c4b305228b2b1dbdcee9" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 15256, "end_utf16": 15374, "sha256_utf8": "3cdc8528761c9811078739e644d1f1c7486ddc1b8d39f120fea051b127117ed4" } ], "read_scope": "5. American Psychiatric Association. [What is Gambling Disorder?](https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/gambling-disorder/what-is-gambling-disorder). Public clinical explanation: repeated behaviour and loss chasing.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 15219, "end_utf16": 15441, "sha256_utf8": "7a55e3dc09062caebd7de87292a386e351d5e7c3808dc8a8c82c0ce4744ea578" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_a72bf658f40c7fef", "title": "View playing history and restrict or block gambling activity", "url": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/view-playing-history-and-restrict-or-block-gambling-activity", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 10116, "end_utf16": 10279, "sha256_utf8": "721d0d24f7f4fbdd7f8dedc473d803faec3e8a67ec49127cdead3cb50e0bcb3b" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 15466, "end_utf16": 15652, "sha256_utf8": "ad16f1e307fa50e026f2535353d5489a555687760a0dacf2cf677e61b01d1ecd" } ], "read_scope": "6. Gambling Commission. [View playing history and restrict or block gambling activity](https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/view-playing-history-and-restrict-or-block-gambling-activity). Public information from Britain's regulator; updated 12 November 2024.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 15442, "end_utf16": 15724, "sha256_utf8": "7fc716d12d878778befd9b4155ae3311b77429c7e987c57ea34758e21eab2bcb" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_bf0432c440f3559d", "title": "National Gambling Clinic", "url": "https://www.cnwl.nhs.uk/services/addictions/national-gambling-clinic", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 11262, "end_utf16": 11358, "sha256_utf8": "531ef337b55a1ca0f49e34d2009ddeee66dbc08a774ee908f7a20b81e3291059" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 13725, "end_utf16": 13849, "sha256_utf8": "136e6375cf48b41dad865747814bb6b34c074f95182e078935ff5d5a9d762735" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 15979, "end_utf16": 16075, "sha256_utf8": "531ef337b55a1ca0f49e34d2009ddeee66dbc08a774ee908f7a20b81e3291059" } ], "read_scope": "8. Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust. [National Gambling Clinic](https://www.cnwl.nhs.uk/services/addictions/national-gambling-clinic). Description of assessment, treatment, geographic eligibility, and support for affected others.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 15924, "end_utf16": 16171, "sha256_utf8": "1180f3d4c00ae7865110627ee9760eb7b6c7051e3e05a3a522614d9ef2280a79" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_9d5a4e66afeb0513", "title": "Supporting Your Recovery", "url": "https://www.northerngamblingservice.nhs.uk/", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 11360, "end_utf16": 11432, "sha256_utf8": "21d1c118cdb6c3866104065a70f528acd06b75df7613649576a8c71416a2017e" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 16206, "end_utf16": 16277, "sha256_utf8": "044ed424126c84adc252c58c87e7b216d5c817c973385620f00ce077019a3cb6" } ], "read_scope": "9. NHS Northern Gambling Service. [Supporting Your Recovery](https://www.northerngamblingservice.nhs.uk/). Service description for northern regions of England, including treatment and co-occurring needs.", "read_scope_kind": "verbatim_bibliography_entry", "read_scope_span": { "role": "bibliography_entry", "start_utf16": 16172, "end_utf16": 16375, "sha256_utf8": "8088dcfdccb7968cd32e32808cb92984735770beb5c6431dde04c7c0e11332eb" }, "shared_entry_urls": [] }, { "id": "src_a98b722492dd9dde", "title": "Self-exclusion", "url": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/self-exclusion", "source_spans": [ { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 12371, "end_utf16": 12486, "sha256_utf8": "f626e9aa7081a21da90f81e86a4d7afecb73ee9c44114f1de86d2b041a21d45c" }, { "role": "markdown_link", "start_utf16": 15749, "end_utf16": 15843, "sha256_utf8": "e2c15499f54bec6978b20fec6a1a3cf6aa51bcb326a4115155e25f00f50486da" } ], "read_scope": "7. Gambling Commission. [Self-exclusion](https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-and-players/page/self-exclusion). 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