{ "schema_version": "uw.editorial_geo.v1", "representation_profile": "lossless_source_sections", "local_stage_only": true, "catalog_id": "DEP-09-N02", "article_index": "DEP-09-N02", "language": "en", "headline": "Your phone and the endless feed: what to notice before calling yourself addicted", "description": "Your phone and the endless feed: what to notice before calling yourself addicted", "short_answer": "A phone can be a work tool, a place for friendship, a way to find help and a source of rest. It can also stay in your hand longer than you intended, displace sleep or make it hard to return to an important conversation. Understanding problematic use starts with these particular parts of life. A number of hours, or the word “addiction”, cannot on its own explain what is happening or what help would fit.\n\nIf there is immediate danger to life, a risk of self-harm, violence or threats, seek urgent local help or protection. Do not wait to calculate screen time or first try to prove that the phone caused the danger. When there is no urgent danger, you can look at an already familiar situation and choose a change you can realistically make.", "short_answer_source": { "kind": "opening_after_h1", "role": "lead", "start_utf16": 84, "end_utf16": 827, "sha256_utf8": "39ba72459cb2b2da416805567c13b05c72307afa223f6cde0d47e346df60ea03" }, "headline_source": { "role": "h1_heading", "start_utf16": 2, "end_utf16": 82, "sha256_utf8": "a102b9e245052c97006e1b8d3d04129eb9891489afce281ccbc2287050f9b925" }, "entities": [], "questions": [ { "q": "1. One screen, different activities", "a": "Looking at a screen can mean talking to a friend, working, arranging an appointment, reading news, gambling or watching short videos. Content and purpose matter. A long work conversation and repeatedly returning to an upsetting feed call for different questions, even if a counter shows similar amounts of time.\n\nThe [WHO overview of digital environments and mental health](https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/promotion-prevention/digital-environments-and-mental-health/) discusses opportunities for connection, learning and access to services alongside risks involving harmful content, bullying and excessive use. These can coexist in one person's life. Supportive contact does not lose its value because it takes place online.\n\nNaming the activity more precisely can also help. If someone loses money needed for essentials while gambling on their phone, the financial harm cannot be explained by the screen alone. If someone is harassing them through messages, protection involves more than reducing minutes. A specific description helps identify suitable support.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 832, "end_utf16": 867, "sha256_utf8": "efd0c0ca1701f205967bb7ee2fc6674f8602d60f7acfaa6e7b9640fb9a429d48" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 869, "end_utf16": 1957, "sha256_utf8": "dc18a3df9518aac226265104d2b1cdef87c3ef322639bd8bb99ec7609088ad96" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0005", "p0006", "p0007" ], "source_segment_index": 1 }, { "q": "2. The difference between an intention and what happens", "a": "Imagine an evening in which someone picks up their phone to reply to a friend, opens a feed and later realises that they stopped enjoying it some time ago. They wanted to go to bed earlier, yet keep refreshing messages. This is an illustrative example, not a particular person's story or a diagnostic test. It shows a moment when an activity continues separately from the intention that started it.\n\nYou might ask: “What did I come here for, and what am I doing now?” The answer may be straightforward: waiting for a response, looking for news, putting off an unpleasant task or trying to feel less alone. None of these needs automatically means escape, weakness or a disorder. It is more useful to consider whether the activity meets the need and what remains afterwards.\n\nAn already noticed mismatch is enough to discuss: you wanted to finish but found it difficult; an important conversation was interrupted; the rest you hoped for did not happen. You do not need to open the feed again to see whether you can resist it. A new challenge is not a condition of receiving help.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 1962, "end_utf16": 2017, "sha256_utf8": "ee6a65bb04c33a7059b0b5327f51de5074cc84700f80045d6e5ce5ff015ad191" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 2019, "end_utf16": 3096, "sha256_utf8": "99b9056d20940412e368eeb96725e33156033786b3ceda5c50fb715101f09916" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0009", "p0010", "p0011" ], "source_segment_index": 2 }, { "q": "3. Mood and use can affect each other", "a": "When someone feels anxious or lonely, a phone may provide contact, distraction and brief relief. Sometimes the content they encounter increases comparison with others, tension or a sense of exclusion. Describing both sides of your own experience matters; relief should not simply be dismissed as imaginary.\n\nThe [official description of the WHO Europe policy review published in May 2025](https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2025-12187-51959-79685/) describes mixed positive and negative relationships between digital activities and young people's well-being. It also considers possible influences in both directions: mental health difficulties may accompany greater use, while digital experiences may intensify difficulties. This is a youth policy review, not evidence of one cause of every adult's condition.\n\nIt can therefore help to add detail to “I'm always on my phone”: what is happening to sleep, work, relationships and how you feel; which content or contact is troubling you. Support with loneliness, anxiety or bullying may be needed alongside changes to the device. You do not have to decide which cause is the “real” one before seeking help.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 3101, "end_utf16": 3138, "sha256_utf8": "08804a1a5285e675ac22004fc7751a802cfdeaa8204df3bcdc8f78c47ce9da4a" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 3140, "end_utf16": 4314, "sha256_utf8": "7589d657ef52c2398f4aa171a657ecbfec1ff6fdc5dc12d75f0c99c389d4d88c" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0013", "p0014", "p0015" ], "source_segment_index": 3 }, { "q": "4. What a study of reducing time shows", "a": "In a [2025 randomised trial by Pieh and colleagues](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-025-03944-z), 111 young students were allocated to temporarily reduce smartphone use or continue their usual use. Participants had no diagnosed or treated mental disorder; the study took place in an Austrian setting. After the intervention, the groups differed on measures of stress, depressive symptoms, sleep and well-being.\n\nThis is a meaningful result from a comparison of groups. It does not turn the study's time limit into a diagnosis or a recommendation for every reader. Participants knew their group, reported their own well-being and came from a small sample. The researchers measured time on smartphones, rather than the detailed content of every activity. The result does not establish a treatment for clinical depression or an identical effect of all platforms.\n\nAfter the intervention, use quickly moved back towards previous levels. A brief change does not by itself promise a lasting way of life. The study supports taking habits and conditions of use seriously while keeping a practical question open: what particular difficulty needs to change for this person, given their work, connections and opportunities?", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 4319, "end_utf16": 4357, "sha256_utf8": "98b5ff9bdbbd1cb348a13eef8aada8e2c9204129275427e2fabf8edbf7528092" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 4359, "end_utf16": 5588, "sha256_utf8": "1b893f73493d2d5956732effcf3022d5ca1e17a7358b544700d9dc635c6728f8" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0017", "p0018", "p0019" ], "source_segment_index": 4 }, { "q": "5. Four optional starting points", "a": "For personal reflection or a conversation, you can use what you **already know**. These are original questions, not a scale or a requirement for continuous monitoring:\n\n1. **What to preserve:** which phone activity or connection helps you and matters in your life?\n2. **What gets in the way:** which particular episode affected sleep, work, an essential expense, relationships or safety?\n3. **Where choice gets harder:** in which familiar situation is it difficult to finish or return to your intention?\n4. **What help is accessible:** what small change would you like to try, and with whom could you safely discuss the difficulty?\n\nYou can answer one point and leave the others unanswered. There is no need to provide this article with messages, screenshots, passwords or information about someone else's accounts. If there is danger, put these notes aside in favour of protection and actual help.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 5593, "end_utf16": 5625, "sha256_utf8": "aef587da225f3ce0296e3a5542f34a4d00b56a77df4d539ccec80ec45521dd83" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 5627, "end_utf16": 6525, "sha256_utf8": "71c5ce835482626ee98c271bb8f9686385c891639fa5ea2d6b3a30e6c80ee7b3" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0021", "p0022", "p0023" ], "source_segment_index": 5 }, { "q": "6. Change a condition while keeping needed connections", "a": "A first step may concern a particular way of returning to the feed. For example, if repeated advertising notifications interrupt work, you could consider turning those notifications off in your own settings. Distinguish them from necessary messages from loved ones, a bank, an employer or a health service. A change is useful when you understand its consequences and can remain reachable where that matters.\n\nAnother option is to end the current viewing session and do something you have already chosen: eat, prepare for sleep, call someone or return to work. This is a choice of a particular action, not a promise that life will immediately feel better. You do not have to give up the device completely, lose access to help or prove you can endure a special challenge without your phone.\n\nIf familiar browsing provides company or rest, consider the need itself as well. You can keep helpful online contact and look for other accessible forms of connection. Changing your surroundings should not automatically mean isolation from everyone you already know. Judge the change by the life you hope to restore, as well as any number on a counter.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 6530, "end_utf16": 6584, "sha256_utf8": "1ea4deaada40b3ccedb8ef305fe49c66ba7dcca8f7631a23e9a24fbf3b88f21e" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 6586, "end_utf16": 7728, "sha256_utf8": "0aa194dda77ac0fd4cbe30a8c1fa11a57f13efdd6d0bf228d3341040d3a8f516" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0025", "p0026", "p0027" ], "source_segment_index": 6 }, { "q": "7. When to talk with a professional", "a": "If repeated attempts to change use do not help, consequences grow or how you feel is causing serious concern, you can seek a psychological or medical assessment. You do not need an “internet addiction” label to discuss sleeplessness, anxiety, difficulty choosing or problems in relationships. A doctor or psychologist assesses the particular situation; this article cannot replace that assessment.\n\n[SAMHSA explains how to prepare for an initial appointment](https://www.samhsa.gov/find-support/health-care-or-support/how-to-set-up-an-appointment), including asking whether a service accepts new people, about waiting and about payment. You can also ask what language you can use, how further contact will work and where to turn if things worsen. These additional questions are practical suggestions for the reader. Check the conditions of local services separately; a US example does not guarantee accessible help in every country.\n\nBooking an appointment is not the same as receiving help. If the first service is unsuitable or unavailable, you can look for another accessible contact. Danger to life, self-harm, violence or coercion calls for urgent local help regardless of screen time. Bullying and danger warrant protection even if the person continues to use the internet.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 7733, "end_utf16": 7768, "sha256_utf8": "86ad9c1f2baca115e3818e6be7c994f2cfd6e3ac1659a1e61dc3fe4e1a48e0a4" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 7770, "end_utf16": 9049, "sha256_utf8": "81bb83ae08a4b83388570ffa71d2ec3d18df766ba78f355987d59f21f75022c8" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0029", "p0030", "p0031" ], "source_segment_index": 7 }, { "q": "8. Agreements with loved ones", "a": "A loved one may want to regain a conversation or an evening together. It helps to discuss specifics: which moment causes a problem, what the person wants to change and what support suits them. Between adults, an agreement needs consent, clear roles and an opportunity to reconsider. Concern about use does not make secretly reading messages or demanding a password acceptable.\n\nIn a family with a child, adults are responsible for age-appropriate conditions and can talk with the child about content, difficulties and connections they need. A child should not be appointed to monitor an adult's phone, mood or behaviour. A helper can also take their own time, safety and need for rest into account.\n\nWhen a relationship involves threats, humiliation or control, consider safety separately from the question of who spends too much time on their phone. Love, meaning and supportive surroundings can contribute to change; they do not have to become perfect before someone asks for help. A good next step can be modest: name a familiar difficulty, keep a needed connection and get support with what is actually disrupting life.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 9054, "end_utf16": 9083, "sha256_utf8": "a384ba7967b828879845f7953d87a20f4b3345f0d15addca0c463ded5ece82d8" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 9085, "end_utf16": 10208, "sha256_utf8": "27c27c08d23907667980980a59d1140dc31901bad65333996692ca52af487179" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0033", "p0034", "p0035" ], "source_segment_index": 8 }, { "q": "Sources and limits", "a": "- [WHO, Digital environments and mental health](https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/promotion-prevention/digital-environments-and-mental-health/) — a thematic overview of opportunities and risks; a substantive update date is not stated. It is not a diagnostic scale or a single explanation of all digital activities.\n- [WHO Europe, Addressing the digital determinants of youth mental health and well-being](https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2025-12187-51959-79685/) — official description of a policy review, 23 May 2025. Its scope is young people and the WHO European Region; it is not a separate trial or an individual forecast.\n- [Pieh et al., Smartphone screen time reduction improves mental health: a randomized controlled trial](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12916-025-03944-z) — BMC Medicine, 21 February 2025. A small unblinded trial among young students, with short-term measures and limits to generalisation; it does not establish a universal time limit.\n- [SAMHSA, How to Set Up an Appointment](https://www.samhsa.gov/find-support/health-care-or-support/how-to-set-up-an-appointment) — 24 April 2023. Preparing for a first contact in a US setting; confirm accessibility with the particular service.", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 10213, "end_utf16": 10231, "sha256_utf8": "f91f16500d95114ea5dd62762b302ab95f247ca4f49fe0affb04993b09f0a299" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 10233, "end_utf16": 11499, "sha256_utf8": "74653e87d5ff6bacdf3131d9d8ed81a4da2a8e5ac60eba19efef5f9df1264ba9" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0037" ], "source_segment_index": 9 }, { "q": "Tags", "a": "phone, social media, endless feed, problematic use, intention, digital communication, sleep, mood, screen time, accessible help, consent, family agreements", "source_spans": [ { "role": "h2_heading", "start_utf16": 11504, "end_utf16": 11508, "sha256_utf8": "1331275bc537b4c2bf1e46f7275677967515342e30b572e6852fa6f51b831fe8" }, { "role": "h2_answer", "start_utf16": 11510, "end_utf16": 11665, "sha256_utf8": "3080b7e2ba397ab11c519ebf4262580db327ded2b6f3e1c07ba218358f5d92ad" } ], "block_ids": [ "p0039" ], "source_segment_index": 10 }, { "q": "About the authors", "a": "Andrey Zarinsh is the author and founder of United Wisdom. He explores inner transformation, the unity of traditions, intercultural dialogue and contemporary spiritual discipline. Instagram: @andrey.zarinsh.\n\nMaria Evilkut is a co-author of United Wisdom. Alongside her research, she seeks to put these ideas into practice and observe how principles of unity and mutual understanding work in real life between people and cultures. Instagram: @ilkutki.\n\nContent checked: 14 October 2026. 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