{ "built_by": "uw_kit/v3/build_geo.py (rule 2: once, at the end, on the final sha)", "claims": [ { "article_sections": [ "What this article is about", "I. The role a self-image stands on" ], "id": "I09-en-C01", "kind": "AUTHOR_DISTINCTION_WITH_SCOPE", "limit": "The article draws on traditional texts and on studies of retirement from work and from professional sport; the data concern only retirement and sport, and the article draws no conclusions about other roles.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S10", "I09-S11", "I09-S12" ], "text": "The article is not about the experience of loss but about what the self-image stood on before a role departs: one role or several, merging with the role or performing it. To perform a role is to do the work fully, meeting its demands, while remembering that one is not reducible to it; to be the role is when the recognition given to the position is felt as recognition of oneself, and the successes of the work become the main measure of one's own worth. From the outside the two can look the same; the difference shows on the day the role ends. The article draws on traditional texts and on studies of retirement from work and from professional sport; the data concern only retirement and sport, and the article draws no conclusions about other roles." }, { "article_sections": [ "Key quotation", "III. Montaigne: the Mayor and Montaigne" ], "id": "I09-en-C02", "kind": "AUTHOR_READING_WITH_LIMITS", "limit": "Montaigne himself says nothing in this sentence about leaving office, and this has not been tested on data.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S04" ], "text": "Montaigne's sentence (Essays, Book III, ch. X, tr. Charles Cotton) gathers the article's central distinction: the role is performed in earnest, but the performer is not reducible to it. It does not follow that the role is unimportant. In the reading of the article's authors, it suggests something else: if the distinction was drawn in advance, a role's departure may take the position, not the person. Montaigne himself says nothing in this sentence about leaving office, and this has not been tested on data." }, { "article_sections": [ "V. The objection: a role is a duty" ], "id": "I09-en-C03", "kind": "OBJECTION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "In Epictetus the Author of the play is providence; in the Gita the subject is the warrior Arjuna's duty within a particular teaching about action and its fruits; these are different metaphysics, and the article does not reduce them to one formula.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S02", "I09-S07" ], "text": "This is the strongest objection, and it has powerful allies: Epictetus (Enchiridion, 17) writes that one's business is “to act well the given part, but to choose it belongs to another”, and the Bhagavad Gita in Edwin Arnold's verse rendering (the passage corresponding to verse 2.47) urges acting for the right deed, not for its fruit. In the reading of the article's authors, both traditions do not refute the distinction but refine it: the role is performed wholly, but it does not become the person's property or the support of their self-esteem; the danger lies not in devotion to the role but in making what the role gives (recognition, results, a place in the hierarchy) the support of oneself. In Epictetus the Author of the play is providence; in the Gita the subject is the warrior Arjuna's duty within a particular teaching about action and its fruits; these are different metaphysics, and the article does not reduce them to one formula." }, { "article_sections": [ "VIII. Retirement and sport: what the data on several supports show" ], "id": "I09-en-C04", "kind": "SOURCE_EXPOSITION_WITH_LIMITS", "limit": "In the reading of the article's authors, both studies are consistent with the idea of several supports for the self-image but do not prove it: these are associations, not results of experiments.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S10", "I09-S11" ], "text": "In a cross-sectional survey of 171 retirees in Australia (Steffens and colleagues, 2016; on average 67 years old, about three and a half years into retirement), the more groups important to their sense of self (up to six were named) a person had after retiring, the more satisfied they were with retirement and the better they rated their health and quality of life; the association was statistically mediated by the support a person gave to others, not by the support they received. The models explained 6–9% of the differences; the authors write that the survey cannot establish causality and allow that part of the association may reflect characteristics of the people themselves; the paper's title says that multiple identities enhance health, while the article writes that they are associated with it. In an online survey of 194 former Major League Baseball players (2026), groups with weaker athletic identity rated the importance of athletics among their roles lower, but the importance of family, friendships, religion and romantic relationships did not differ; the survey is cross-sectional and the sample is small. In the reading of the article's authors, both studies are consistent with the idea of several supports for the self-image but do not prove it: these are associations, not results of experiments." }, { "article_sections": [ "IX. Work as self-esteem and work as meaning" ], "id": "I09-en-C05", "kind": "SOURCE_EXPOSITION_WITH_LIMITS", "limit": "The cohort is relatively healthy and educated, the context is Swedish, only those who stopped working entirely were included, and the associations are observational and do not establish causes.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S12" ], "text": "In a Swedish longitudinal study (Hed and colleagues, 2024), depressive symptoms were measured each year on a questionnaire scale, which is not a diagnosis, in 527 people who retired fully in 2016–2019; on average, symptoms decreased around retirement. The more self-esteem before retirement depended on success at work, the higher the depressive symptoms after retirement; the more meaningful the work, the lower the symptoms, and in men this association was stronger. In the reading of the article's authors, the two sides of work resemble “being the role” and “performing the role”, but this is the article authors' analogy, not a finding of the study. The cohort is relatively healthy and educated, the context is Swedish, only those who stopped working entirely were included, and the associations are observational and do not establish causes." }, { "article_sections": [ "X. Not only how many supports, but how they connect" ], "id": "I09-en-C06", "kind": "SOURCE_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_HYPOTHESIS", "limit": "but this is a hypothesis that the data the authors read support only in part; all the data on a role's departure here concern retirement and professional sport.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S13", "I09-S14" ], "text": "The article considers this formula too simple. In a survey of 158 retirees of one Chinese university aged 55 to 92 (Zhu and colleagues, 2021), who described themselves in five roles on forty traits, the more the descriptions differed across roles, the lower the psychological well-being and the higher the anxiety and depressive symptoms; this is a one-time survey of educated retirees from one university. In three surveys of Polish students and young graduates, Pilarska and Suchańska (2015) found that different ways of measuring the “complexity” of the self-image did not agree with one another, and they consider definite conclusions premature. In the reading of the article's authors, what matters is that there be several supports and that a person remain recognizable to themselves within them, but this is a hypothesis that the data the authors read support only in part; all the data on a role's departure here concern retirement and professional sport." }, { "article_sections": [ "What this means in practice" ], "id": "I09-en-C07", "kind": "AUTHOR_ARGUMENT_WITH_INDIRECT_SUPPORT", "limit": "These criteria are drawn from the argument of the article: the steps have not been tested in research, the data show associations, not the effect of advice, and for roles other than retirement and sport they are only reasoning by analogy.", "source_ids": [ "I09-S10", "I09-S12", "I09-S04", "I09-S09" ], "text": "The article offers the authors' working criteria: list your supports and consider how many will remain when the main one ends; apply Montaigne's test, asking whether you can tell the attention paid to you from the attention paid to your position; separate self-esteem from the meaning of the work; prepare the exit as part of the work and, having left a position, do not meddle in its affairs; not only receive but give support to others. These criteria are drawn from the argument of the article: the steps have not been tested in research, the data show associations, not the effect of advice, and for roles other than retirement and sport they are only reasoning by analogy." }, { "article_sections": [ "What this means in practice" ], "id": "I09-en-C08", "kind": "SAFETY_BOUNDARY_AUTHOR", "limit": "This is the authors' general safety caveat: the symptom questionnaires used in the studies are not a diagnosis, a specialist can help assess one's state, and no specific help services are named in the article.", "source_ids": [], "text": "If leaving a role comes with a heavy and lasting distress that gets in the way of living and does not ease, the article says it is worth turning to a psychologist or a doctor; if thoughts of harming yourself appear, seek help at once, and in immediate danger contact the emergency services of your country. This is the authors' general safety caveat: the symptom questionnaires used in the studies are not a diagnosis, a specialist can help assess one's state, and no specific help services are named in the article." } ], "date_prepared": "2026-10-04", "headline": "Who Am I When the Familiar Role Is No Longer Needed", "language": "en", "master_revision": 1, "master_sha256": "b580edac89e71e2930b1ea3fac854855fe9acd8b8dafaaadf0c1b6ed14ad5108", "material_id": "UW:I09:en", "publication": "NOT_AUTHORIZED", "questions": [ { "a": "The article is not about the experience of loss but about what the self-image stood on before a role departs: one role or several, merging with the role or performing it. To perform a role is to do the work fully, meeting its demands, while remembering that one is not reducible to it; to be the role is when the recognition given to the position is felt as recognition of oneself, and the successes of the work become the main measure of one's own worth. From the outside the two can look the same; the difference shows on the day the role ends. The article draws on traditional texts and on studies of retirement from work and from professional sport; the data concern only retirement and sport, and the article draws no conclusions about other roles.", "anchors": [ "To perform a role is to do the work fully, meeting its demands, while remembering that one is not reducible to it.", "The data concern only retirement and sport; we draw no conclusions about other roles." ], "article_sections": [ "What this article is about", "I. The role a self-image stands on" ], "kind": "AUTHOR_DISTINCTION_WITH_SCOPE", "limit": "The article draws on traditional texts and on studies of retirement from work and from professional sport; the data concern only retirement and sport, and the article draws no conclusions about other roles.", "q": "What is this article about, and how does performing a role differ from being the role?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S10", "I09-S11", "I09-S12" ] }, { "a": "Having given away his power and kept the name and honours of a king, Lear, no longer treated as a king in Goneril's house, asks: “Who is it that can tell me who I am?” (King Lear, I.4); the Fool answers: Lear's shadow. In the reading of the article's authors, the scene shows a self-image that stood on a single role: Lear gave up the work but counted on keeping the recognition the role had brought, and his question is addressed not to himself but to others. Jaques's speech in As You Like It (“one man in his time plays many parts”) gives another image: a role as one of many. Lear is the hero of a tragedy, and his collapse is bound up not only with the role but with decisions, blindness and betrayal; from these passages the article takes two images, not a teaching.", "anchors": [ "In our reading, the scene shows a self-image that stood on a single role.", "We take two images from these passages — a role one has merged with, and a role as one of many — not a teaching." ], "article_sections": [ "II. Lear: the role given away, the recognition still expected" ], "kind": "TRADITION_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "Lear is the hero of a tragedy, and his collapse is bound up not only with the role but with decisions, blindness and betrayal; from these passages the article takes two images, not a teaching.", "q": "What does the King Lear scene say about a self-image that stands on a single role?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S01" ] }, { "a": "In the Essays (III.10) Montaigne, who held the office of mayor of Bordeaux for some years, writes that a mask and an outward appearance must not be made into real essence, and sees people who cannot distinguish the greetings addressed to themselves from those addressed to their office, their retinue or their mule. This distinction is not contempt for the role: the role is performed in earnest, but its faults and its honours do not become the content of the person. In the reading of the article's authors, this gives a simple test: can I distinguish the attention paid to me from the attention paid to my position? Montaigne writes about an elected office held by a private man who could leave it, and about his own character; this is not a rule for every role, nor data on how people experience a role's departure.", "anchors": [ "can I distinguish the attention paid to me from the attention paid to my position?", "this is not a rule for every role, nor data on how people experience a role's departure." ], "article_sections": [ "III. Montaigne: the Mayor and Montaigne" ], "kind": "TRADITION_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "Montaigne writes about an elected office held by a private man who could leave it, and about his own character; this is not a rule for every role, nor data on how people experience a role's departure.", "q": "What distinction between a role and the person does Montaigne draw?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S04" ] }, { "a": "Montaigne's sentence (Essays, Book III, ch. X, tr. Charles Cotton) gathers the article's central distinction: the role is performed in earnest, but the performer is not reducible to it. It does not follow that the role is unimportant. In the reading of the article's authors, it suggests something else: if the distinction was drawn in advance, a role's departure may take the position, not the person. Montaigne himself says nothing in this sentence about leaving office, and this has not been tested on data.", "anchors": [ "The sentence gathers the article's central distinction: the role is performed in earnest, but the performer is not reducible to it.", "if the distinction was drawn in advance, a role's departure may take the position, not the person.", "Montaigne himself says nothing in this sentence about leaving office, and this has not been tested on data." ], "article_sections": [ "Key quotation", "III. Montaigne: the Mayor and Montaigne" ], "kind": "AUTHOR_READING_WITH_LIMITS", "limit": "Montaigne himself says nothing in this sentence about leaving office, and this has not been tested on data.", "q": "What does the key quotation “The Mayor of Bordeaux and Montaigne have ever been two” mean for leaving a role?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S04" ] }, { "a": "In the Meditations (VI.30, tr. George Long) Marcus Aurelius writes to himself: “Take care that thou art not made into a Caesar, that thou art not dyed with this dye; for such things happen”, and takes as his model not the imperial office but a person, his predecessor Antoninus. In the reading of the article's authors, the warning matters because it is spoken from inside the role: the structure that will show at the exit is formed long before it. Marcus Aurelius never retired and does not describe leaving a role; he describes how to keep oneself inside it, so his words here are about preparation, not about the transition.", "anchors": [ "Take care that thou art not made into a Caesar, that thou art not dyed with this dye; for such things happen.", "The structure that will show at the exit is formed long before it — in the years when the role is performed." ], "article_sections": [ "IV. Marcus Aurelius: not to be dyed by the role" ], "kind": "TRADITION_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "Marcus Aurelius never retired and does not describe leaving a role; he describes how to keep oneself inside it, so his words here are about preparation, not about the transition.", "q": "What does Marcus Aurelius say about not merging with a role?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S03" ] }, { "a": "This is the strongest objection, and it has powerful allies: Epictetus (Enchiridion, 17) writes that one's business is “to act well the given part, but to choose it belongs to another”, and the Bhagavad Gita in Edwin Arnold's verse rendering (the passage corresponding to verse 2.47) urges acting for the right deed, not for its fruit. In the reading of the article's authors, both traditions do not refute the distinction but refine it: the role is performed wholly, but it does not become the person's property or the support of their self-esteem; the danger lies not in devotion to the role but in making what the role gives (recognition, results, a place in the hierarchy) the support of oneself. In Epictetus the Author of the play is providence; in the Gita the subject is the warrior Arjuna's duty within a particular teaching about action and its fruits; these are different metaphysics, and the article does not reduce them to one formula.", "anchors": [ "The danger lies not in devotion to the role but in making what the role gives — recognition, results, a place in the hierarchy — the support of oneself.", "These are different metaphysics, and we do not reduce them to one formula." ], "article_sections": [ "V. The objection: a role is a duty" ], "kind": "OBJECTION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "In Epictetus the Author of the play is providence; in the Gita the subject is the warrior Arjuna's duty within a particular teaching about action and its fruits; these are different metaphysics, and the article does not reduce them to one formula.", "q": "Doesn't separating oneself from a role mean performing it worse?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S02", "I09-S07" ] }, { "a": "In the reading of the article's authors, the Tao Te Ching, the Analects and the Zhuangzi offer a view of a role's end not as defeat but as part of the form of the work itself. The Tao Te Ching (ch. 9) calls withdrawing into obscurity when the work is done the way of Heaven; Confucius says: “He who is not in any particular office, has nothing to do with plans for the administration of its duties” (Analects, VIII.14); in the Zhuangzi the hermit Hsü Yu declines the throne, explaining that reputation is only the shadow of reality (tr. James Legge and Herbert A. Giles). Confucius's saying does not speak of leaving office directly, and applying it to one who has left is the authors' own reading; Daoist withdrawal, the Confucian ordering of duties and Zhuangzi's sage are different things, and from three passages the article does not judge whole traditions.", "anchors": [ "The saying does not speak of leaving office directly; in our reading, it also applies to one who has left: the affairs of the office are no longer theirs.", "from three passages we do not judge whole traditions." ], "article_sections": [ "VI. Leaving as part of the work itself" ], "kind": "TRADITION_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "Confucius's saying does not speak of leaving office directly, and applying it to one who has left is the authors' own reading; Daoist withdrawal, the Confucian ordering of duties and Zhuangzi's sage are different things, and from three passages the article does not judge whole traditions.", "q": "How do the Chinese texts view the end of a role?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S05", "I09-S09", "I09-S08" ] }, { "a": "The apostle Paul lists his former grounds for confidence and says: “But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ” (Philippians 3:7, King James Version); in the reading of the article's authors, this is not simply a loss of roles but their revaluation, and it leaves no emptiness: later in the same chapter Paul writes that he presses toward the mark (3:13–14). From the Book of Job the article takes only the formula “Naked came I out of my mother’s womb, and naked shall I return thither” (Job 1:21), a person before and after all roles, and does not touch the theme of suffering. These are religious texts, a letter of an apostle for whom the new ground is Christ and a book about God and the suffering of a righteous man; they yield no psychological recipe to “give up roles”.", "anchors": [ "In our reading, this is not simply a loss of roles but their revaluation", "what follows is that the tradition knew a self-image not standing on position, and knew that position can be taken away." ], "article_sections": [ "VII. Paul and Job: a person before and after titles" ], "kind": "TRADITION_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_READING", "limit": "These are religious texts, a letter of an apostle for whom the new ground is Christ and a book about God and the suffering of a righteous man; they yield no psychological recipe to “give up roles”.", "q": "What do the Letter to the Philippians and the Book of Job say about a person without former titles?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S06" ] }, { "a": "In a cross-sectional survey of 171 retirees in Australia (Steffens and colleagues, 2016; on average 67 years old, about three and a half years into retirement), the more groups important to their sense of self (up to six were named) a person had after retiring, the more satisfied they were with retirement and the better they rated their health and quality of life; the association was statistically mediated by the support a person gave to others, not by the support they received. The models explained 6–9% of the differences; the authors write that the survey cannot establish causality and allow that part of the association may reflect characteristics of the people themselves; the paper's title says that multiple identities enhance health, while the article writes that they are associated with it. In an online survey of 194 former Major League Baseball players (2026), groups with weaker athletic identity rated the importance of athletics among their roles lower, but the importance of family, friendships, religion and romantic relationships did not differ; the survey is cross-sectional and the sample is small. In the reading of the article's authors, both studies are consistent with the idea of several supports for the self-image but do not prove it: these are associations, not results of experiments.", "anchors": [ "The models with the number of groups before and after retirement explained 6–9% of the differences in these ratings", "both studies are consistent with the idea of several supports for the self-image but do not prove it: these are associations, not results of experiments." ], "article_sections": [ "VIII. Retirement and sport: what the data on several supports show" ], "kind": "SOURCE_EXPOSITION_WITH_LIMITS", "limit": "In the reading of the article's authors, both studies are consistent with the idea of several supports for the self-image but do not prove it: these are associations, not results of experiments.", "q": "What do the studies of retirement and sport show about several supports for the self-image?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S10", "I09-S11" ] }, { "a": "In a Swedish longitudinal study (Hed and colleagues, 2024), depressive symptoms were measured each year on a questionnaire scale, which is not a diagnosis, in 527 people who retired fully in 2016–2019; on average, symptoms decreased around retirement. The more self-esteem before retirement depended on success at work, the higher the depressive symptoms after retirement; the more meaningful the work, the lower the symptoms, and in men this association was stronger. In the reading of the article's authors, the two sides of work resemble “being the role” and “performing the role”, but this is the article authors' analogy, not a finding of the study. The cohort is relatively healthy and educated, the context is Swedish, only those who stopped working entirely were included, and the associations are observational and do not establish causes.", "anchors": [ "The more self-esteem depended on success, the higher the depressive symptoms after retirement.", "But this is the article authors' analogy, not a finding of the study." ], "article_sections": [ "IX. Work as self-esteem and work as meaning" ], "kind": "SOURCE_EXPOSITION_WITH_LIMITS", "limit": "The cohort is relatively healthy and educated, the context is Swedish, only those who stopped working entirely were included, and the associations are observational and do not establish causes.", "q": "How are self-esteem based on success at work and the meaning of work associated with well-being after retirement?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S12" ] }, { "a": "The article considers this formula too simple. In a survey of 158 retirees of one Chinese university aged 55 to 92 (Zhu and colleagues, 2021), who described themselves in five roles on forty traits, the more the descriptions differed across roles, the lower the psychological well-being and the higher the anxiety and depressive symptoms; this is a one-time survey of educated retirees from one university. In three surveys of Polish students and young graduates, Pilarska and Suchańska (2015) found that different ways of measuring the “complexity” of the self-image did not agree with one another, and they consider definite conclusions premature. In the reading of the article's authors, what matters is that there be several supports and that a person remain recognizable to themselves within them, but this is a hypothesis that the data the authors read support only in part; all the data on a role's departure here concern retirement and professional sport.", "anchors": [ "For our question this means that it is worth checking not only the list of one's roles but also whether one recognizes oneself in each of them.", "but this is a hypothesis that the data we read support only in part." ], "article_sections": [ "X. Not only how many supports, but how they connect" ], "kind": "SOURCE_EXPOSITION_AND_AUTHOR_HYPOTHESIS", "limit": "but this is a hypothesis that the data the authors read support only in part; all the data on a role's departure here concern retirement and professional sport.", "q": "Is it true that the more roles, the more stable the self-image?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S13", "I09-S14" ] }, { "a": "The article offers the authors' working criteria: list your supports and consider how many will remain when the main one ends; apply Montaigne's test, asking whether you can tell the attention paid to you from the attention paid to your position; separate self-esteem from the meaning of the work; prepare the exit as part of the work and, having left a position, do not meddle in its affairs; not only receive but give support to others. These criteria are drawn from the argument of the article: the steps have not been tested in research, the data show associations, not the effect of advice, and for roles other than retirement and sport they are only reasoning by analogy.", "anchors": [ "These steps have not been tested in research; the data we cite show associations, not the effect of advice.", "For other roles these steps are only reasoning by analogy." ], "article_sections": [ "What this means in practice" ], "kind": "AUTHOR_ARGUMENT_WITH_INDIRECT_SUPPORT", "limit": "These criteria are drawn from the argument of the article: the steps have not been tested in research, the data show associations, not the effect of advice, and for roles other than retirement and sport they are only reasoning by analogy.", "q": "What can be done in advance, while the role still lasts?", "source_ids": [ "I09-S10", "I09-S12", "I09-S04", "I09-S09" ] }, { "a": "If leaving a role comes with a heavy and lasting distress that gets in the way of living and does not ease, the article says it is worth turning to a psychologist or a doctor; if thoughts of harming yourself appear, seek help at once, and in immediate danger contact the emergency services of your country. This is the authors' general safety caveat: the symptom questionnaires used in the studies are not a diagnosis, a specialist can help assess one's state, and no specific help services are named in the article.", "anchors": [ "the symptom questionnaires used in the studies are not a diagnosis, and a specialist can help assess your state.", "If thoughts of harming yourself appear, seek help at once; in immediate danger, contact the emergency services of your country." ], "article_sections": [ "What this means in practice" ], "kind": "SAFETY_BOUNDARY_AUTHOR", "limit": "This is the authors' general safety caveat: the symptom questionnaires used in the studies are not a diagnosis, a specialist can help assess one's state, and no specific help services are named in the article.", "q": "When is leaving a role a reason to see a specialist?", "source_ids": [] } ], "retrieval_limits": [ "Source references cover only the cited passages (scenes, chapters, verses; for the studies, the sections named in the article's bibliography); reading of whole corpora is not claimed.", "Quotations follow the English translations named in the sources (Cotton, Long, Higginson, Arnold, Legge, Giles) and the King James Version for the Bible; the Bhagavad Gita is quoted in Arnold's verse rendering, not a literal translation.", "Research: cross-sectional surveys (retirees in Australia, former Major League Baseball players, retirees of one Chinese university, Polish students and young graduates) and one longitudinal observational study (Sweden); these are associations, not causes, and applying them to an individual calls for caution.", "The data on a role's departure concern only retirement from work and from professional sport; no conclusions are drawn about parental, marital or other roles, and what is said about them remains reasoning.", "The distinction between performing a role and being the role, Montaigne's test, the analogy between the two sides of work and the two ways of relating to a role, and the practical steps are the article authors' arguments and readings, not research findings.", "The note on the key quotation is the authors' reading, phrased with “may”: Montaigne says nothing in that sentence about leaving office, and this has not been tested on data; no result is promised.", "Religious and philosophical statements are attributed to their own texts and metaphysics; a similarity of motifs does not mean a shared teaching or a historical link between the traditions; the article does not judge whole traditions from single passages.", "The material makes no diagnoses and does not replace professional help; the symptom questionnaires used in the studies are not a diagnosis; a general safety caveat is given, and no specific help services are named.", "Publication, library delivery and indexing were not performed in this task." ], "schema": "uw.editorial_geo.v1", "sources": [ { "authors": "William Shakespeare", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #100", "id": "I09-S01", "read_copy_sha256": [ "3cf4b3d44ee14cff4e14e78e2ad3318eff76f3f7f2afc3cee6bb925879110a37" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E01, I09-E02, I09-E03): King Lear, Act I, Scene IV (Lear); King Lear, Act I, Scene IV (Lear), beginning of the same speech; As You Like It, Act II, Scene VII (Jaques). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "The Complete Works of William Shakespeare", "translator": null, "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/100/pg100.txt", "year": "c. 1595–1606" }, { "authors": "Epictetus", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #45109", "id": "I09-S02", "read_copy_sha256": [ "15a09ebd7f782cb64390459a29555140d86fb07f168675d41088a717978c3e4f" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E04): Enchiridion, XVII (Higginson). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "The Enchiridion", "translator": "Thomas Wentworth Higginson", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/45109/pg45109.txt", "year": "c. 125 CE; translation 1865" }, { "authors": "Marcus Aurelius", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #15877", "id": "I09-S03", "read_copy_sha256": [ "6584df7e90d6035eece30d8028527290bf2508076963ee0376cb41db9cf88d5b" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E05): Thoughts, VI.30 (Long). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus", "translator": "George Long", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/15877/pg15877.txt", "year": "2nd century CE; translation 1862" }, { "authors": "Michel de Montaigne", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #3600 (Hazlitt's edition, 1877)", "id": "I09-S04", "read_copy_sha256": [ "1b4c87312f0890e04cecee48e3a5fa263de65743230b819e16cb1bd72f7aee59" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E06, I09-E07): Essays, Book III, ch. X «Of Managing the Will» (Cotton tr., Hazlitt ed.); ibid., the next sentence. The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Essays of Michel de Montaigne — Complete", "translator": "Charles Cotton (ed. William Carew Hazlitt)", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/3600/pg3600.txt", "year": "1580–1588" }, { "authors": "Laozi", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #216", "id": "I09-S05", "read_copy_sha256": [ "041568f8dfef3ac6c2deb7699756f9d26d6aa8669647f4ce611b0ed4a95b0db6" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E08): Tao Teh King, ch. 9, 2 (Legge). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "The Tao Teh King, or the Tao and its Characteristics", "translator": "James Legge", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/216/pg216.txt", "year": "c. 4th century BCE; translation 1891" }, { "authors": "The Bible", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #10 (KJV)", "id": "I09-S06", "read_copy_sha256": [ "0204adaed1f25700aa854218cae63c7172228c41088f335e99167a071eed83c0", "e62dc4811ed18c3a7d66aba34ecae227111d9dacc76c88334f87602f514affac", "a9206846fe5bd47896da1dcf3e62df695552a4616c3ead5a35b37ef8cf0388ae" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E09, I09-E10, I09-E11, I09-E12): Philippians 3:7 (KJV); Philippians 3:7 (Russian Synodal translation); Job 1:21 (KJV); Job 1:21 (Russian Synodal translation; beginning of the verse). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN_TEXT", "source_license": "KJV: Project Gutenberg copy (public domain in the United States).", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK_UNKNOWN", "title": "The King James Version of the Bible", "translator": "King James Version (1611)", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/10/pg10.txt", "year": "translation 1611" }, { "authors": "Bhagavad Gita (Mahabharata)", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #2388", "id": "I09-S07", "read_copy_sha256": [ "85b22401a9d256179f9a2e407215eb516da9b8213f23c32e03d66709d839a9e0" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E13): The Song Celestial, ch. II (= Bhagavad Gita 2.47; Arnold). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "The Song Celestial, or Bhagavad-Gîtâ", "translator": "Sir Edwin Arnold", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/2388/pg2388.txt", "year": "c. 2nd century BCE; translation 1885" }, { "authors": "Zhuangzi", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #59709 (Giles, 1889)", "id": "I09-S08", "read_copy_sha256": [ "71e7d719aa5b75b4cf234fcf02e38e5aa15a327c257ed77950504bfb758ca6c8" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E14, I09-E15): Chuang Tzŭ, ch. I (Giles 1889); Chuang Tzŭ, ch. I (Giles 1889; speech of Hsü Yu). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Chuang Tzŭ: Mystic, Moralist, and Social Reformer", "translator": "Herbert A. Giles", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/59709/pg59709.txt", "year": "4th–3rd centuries BCE; translation 1889" }, { "authors": "Confucius (records of his disciples)", "date_read": null, "edition": "Project Gutenberg #4094", "id": "I09-S09", "read_copy_sha256": [ "e92780d776ce096aac09e8416a70e1d421d3074de9e35c852c0565b456e42d30" ], "reading_scope": "Read: the paragraphs around the excerpts (I09-E16): Analects, Book VIII, ch. XIV (Legge). The work was not read in full.", "rights_class": "PUBLIC_DOMAIN", "source_license": "This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "The Chinese Classics, vol. 1: Confucian Analects", "translator": "James Legge", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/4094/pg4094.txt", "year": "5th–4th centuries BCE; 19th-century translation" }, { "authors": "Niklas K. Steffens, Jolanda Jetten, Catherine Haslam, Tegan Cruwys, S. Alexander Haslam", "date_read": null, "edition": "Frontiers in Psychology 7 (2016), doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01519, PMC5065989", "id": "I09-S10", "read_copy_sha256": [ "438e8136aa1498c5fdb444a67f7d098a950adbb56092f7c666b4bb03aacfa778" ], "reading_scope": "Full text in the saved copy: METHODS — Materials and Methods: Participants and Procedure; Measures (lines 37–52); RESULTS — Results: Main Analyses; Sensitivity Analyses (lines 53–105); DISCUSSION — Discussion (lines 106–111); LIMITATIONS — Limitations and Future Research (lines 112–116); DISCUSSION — Conclusion (lines 117–119). The abstract was not used for claims; excerpts are in READINGS/results/results_I09-S10.txt", "rights_class": "CC_BY", "source_license": "This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Multiple Social Identities Enhance Health Post-Retirement Because They Are a Basis for Giving Social Support", "translator": null, "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5065989/", "year": 2016 }, { "authors": "M. Worrell, X. D. Hamilton, J. Zhang, Y. Li, T. Lynch", "date_read": null, "edition": "Frontiers in Psychology 17 (2026), doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1810174, PMC13461554", "id": "I09-S11", "read_copy_sha256": [ "3854046ea8f3ee9a496989b055e48f9b6248969cb467f5a4f727004cf4d9c535" ], "reading_scope": "Full text in the saved copy: METHODS — 2. Methods: design, participants, measures, data analysis (lines 40–79); RESULTS — 3. Results (incl. tables) (lines 80–127); DISCUSSION — 4. Discussion (4.1–4.5) (lines 128–147); LIMITATIONS — 5. Limitations (lines 148–149); DISCUSSION — 6. Conclusions (lines 150–152). The abstract was not used for claims; excerpts are in READINGS/results/results_I09-S11.txt", "rights_class": "CC_BY", "source_license": "This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Beyond the game: athletic identity and post-retirement adaptation of former Major League Baseball players", "translator": null, "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13461554/", "year": 2026 }, { "authors": "Sara Hed, Anne Ingeborg Berg, Isabelle Hansson, Marie Kivi, Margda Waern", "date_read": null, "edition": "BMC Geriatrics 24 (2024), doi:10.1186/s12877-024-05228-2, PMC11292945", "id": "I09-S12", "read_copy_sha256": [ "84bd5a23ea54c779b69eab493649c429b2dacad60a3dc956482fe39fe9e9e28e" ], "reading_scope": "Full text in the saved copy: METHODS — Materials and methods: sample and procedure, measures, covariates, statistical analyses (lines 43–61); RESULTS — Results (incl. tables) (lines 62–125); DISCUSSION — Discussion (lines 126–130); LIMITATIONS — Methodological considerations (lines 131–132); DISCUSSION — Conclusion (lines 133–134). The abstract was not used for claims; excerpts are in READINGS/results/results_I09-S12.txt", "rights_class": "CC_BY_4_0", "source_license": "Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Depressive symptoms across the retirement transition in men and women: associations with emotion regulation, adjustment difficulties and work centrality", "translator": null, "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11292945/", "year": 2024 }, { "authors": "Chaoyang Zhu, Mengmeng Zhu, Xiaoqian Gao, Xiaoyi Liu", "date_read": null, "edition": "Frontiers in Psychology 12 (2021), PMC7930060", "id": "I09-S13", "read_copy_sha256": [ "c859daff999f8fd9427944d437b4b350c24e712f9c1e55db0eddebc0497d7d23" ], "reading_scope": "Full text in the saved copy: METHODS — Materials and Methods: Participants; Procedure; Measures (lines 35–49); RESULTS — Results (incl. Tables 1–3) (lines 50–88); DISCUSSION — Discussion (lines 89–99); LIMITATIONS — Limitation and Future Inquiries (lines 100–101). The abstract was not used for claims; excerpts are in READINGS/results/results_I09-S13.txt", "rights_class": "CC_BY_4_0", "source_license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "How Does Self-Concept Differentiation Work in Chinese Retirees: A Moderated Mediation Analysis", "translator": null, "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7930060/", "year": 2021 }, { "authors": "Aleksandra Pilarska, Anna Suchańska", "date_read": null, "edition": "Current Psychology 34 (2015), PMC4703609", "id": "I09-S14", "read_copy_sha256": [ "2f0433a822984cbbc9b662e3b8f349cc1170e868c71071b146b95b2fd2fe95d2" ], "reading_scope": "Full text in the saved copy: METHODS — Method: Overview and Procedure; Participants; Measures (lines 41–75); RESULTS — Results (incl. Tables 1–9) (lines 76–218); DISCUSSION — General Discussion (lines 219–239); LIMITATIONS — Limitations (lines 240–243). The abstract was not used for claims; excerpts are in READINGS/results/results_I09-S14.txt", "rights_class": "CC_BY_4_0", "source_license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.", "source_status": "QUOTE_LINK_OK", "title": "Self-Complexity and Self-Concept Differentiation – What Have We Been Measuring for the Past 30 Years?", "translator": null, "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4703609/", "year": 2015 } ], "summary": "The article distinguishes two ways of relating to a role, performing it and being it, and asks what the self-image stood on before the role departed: one role or several. It draws on Shakespeare (King Lear, As You Like It), Montaigne, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, the Bhagavad Gita in Arnold's verse rendering, the Tao Te Ching, the Analects, the Zhuangzi, the Letter to the Philippians and the Book of Job as read by the article's authors, and on observational studies of retirement from work and from professional sport and a study of how the complexity of the self-image is measured; the data concern only retirement and sport, and the practical steps are the authors' argument, not a tested method.", "topic_id": "I09", "editorial_master_revision_in_origin": 2, "library_binding": { "material_id": "UW:I09:en", "revision": 1, "state": "active", "package_sha256": "6b2bff41ed81bf548c34ff91d6fa6680e9da34c5612d4881cca2413a5468fdb7", "article_sha256": "b580edac89e71e2930b1ea3fac854855fe9acd8b8dafaaadf0c1b6ed14ad5108", "active_revision": 1, "current_state": "active" }, "catalog_id": "I09", "route_id": "AGE-043", "reuse_provenance": { "source": "SOURCE_METADATA_RU.json and exact pinned language package", "origin_geo_file": "GEO_ORIGIN_EN.json", "historical_review_is_not_current_review": true, "changes": "Only explicit library revision binding and staging statuses; content claims/questions retained." }, "independent_review": { "status": "NOT_RUN", "scope": "Current ageing route; historical review retained in GEO_ORIGIN file" }, "author_correspondence_check": "READ_AND_CHECKED_AGAINST_EXACT_LANGUAGE_MASTER", "production_acceptance": "NOT_RUN", "machine_publisher_compatibility": "NOT_RUN" }