Minutes state specified costs without independently assessing understanding or quality. Bergson's criticism asks which subject a representation replaces; his strong consciousness claims do not become established physics.
Questions explored
Does Bergson refute physical time measurement?
The article examines philosophical criticism of representation. The selected examples do not establish that a specified physical procedure fails at its function.
Why do work hours not settle a quality question?
In the original illustration, quantity specifies costs while quality needs its own criterion and content check. A useful connection requires additional grounds.
Can clear experience of duration replace a missing resource?
No such promise is made. Availability, resources, and agreement remain relevant; acknowledging a constraint may be the reasonable outcome.
Key distinctions
In the selected Chapter II passage, Bergson connects numerical representation with separate elements and contrasts it with experienced duration. (Bergson, II, pp.99–110; Pogson translation, actual 1913 exemplar. Conscious duration retains its status within that argument.)
Bergson's melody and motion examples raise questions about connected parts and the limits of representing a process spatially. (Bergson, II, pp.100–104 and 111–125, within the selected contiguous passage.)
Einstein's local clocks A and B need a coordination rule before common time is defined for the described system. (Einstein, §1, Perrett and Jeffery translation, 1923; the key quotation is a complete clause before the synchronization condition is introduced.)
The original UW exercise checks the separate criterion supporting a content conclusion drawn from a number or an impression. (This article's contemporary proposal, rather than a historical work protocol.)
Limits of interpretation
- Distinguish Bergson's argument, James's perception description, Einstein's physical definition, and contemporary UW application. No free-will proof, consciousness-dependent physical processes, modern mathematical error, or exercise benefit is established. The later 1922 dispute was not read or used. Editorial examples are not studies.
Sources
- Henri Bergson, Time and Free Will: An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness — Henri Bergson
Actual same-task reuse of fresh contiguous ChapterII body, latep99–p125, web994–1105, plus title/translator/imprint metadata. Melody, pendulum, motion, Zeno, velocity and two multiplicities read in context. Not full chapter, French original, Duration and Simultaneity, or1922 debate.
- Albert Einstein, On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies — Albert Einstein
Actual same-task reuse: introduction and entire §§1–2, PDFpp1–5, lines0–182; PDF About this Document and HTML About this Edition actually read. No rest-of-paper or German verification claimed.
- William James, The Principles of Psychology, Chapter XV — William James
Actual same-task reuse: chapter opening and complete sensible-present subsection, pp605–610/web19–50; p611 introductory paragraphs51–60 read, not the full experiments.